TO ESTIMATE THE FETOMATERNAL OUTCOME IN PREGNANCIES WITH POLYHYDRAMNIOS
Polyhydramnios, characterized by excessive amniotic fluid during pregnancy, is associated with various maternal and fetal complications. It is commonly diagnosed when the amniotic fluid index (AFI) exceeds 24 cm or the single deepest pocket (SDP) surpasses 8 cm. Although mild polyhydramnios often resolves without intervention, moderate to severe cases may lead to preterm labor, fetal distress, and other complications. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical presentation, severity, mode of delivery, and fetal outcomes in women with polyhydramnios. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, Pondicherry, from June 2011 to June 2012. The study included 70 cases of polyhydramnios. Data collected included maternal age, gestational age, severity of polyhydramnios, mode of delivery, and fetal outcomes, including congenital malformations. Investigations such as ultrasound and Doppler studies were performed to assess fetal well-being. Results: The majority of cases (48.5%) were in the 31-35 years age group. 82% of cases were classified as mild polyhydramnios (AFI 25-29.9 cm), while 18% were moderate (AFI 30-34.9 cm). The most common mode of delivery was normal vaginal delivery (75.7%), followed by cesarean section (20%) and instrumental deliveries (4.2%). Fetal outcomes showed that 79% of neonates were born alive, 23% were stillborn, and 7% died in the neonatal period. Congenital malformations were observed in 31% of neonates, with central nervous system (CNS) anomalies being the most prevalent. Conclusion: Polyhydramnios is associated with an increased risk of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, particularly in moderate and severe cases. Early detection and careful prenatal monitoring are essential for managing polyhydramnios and reducing the risk of complications. Further research is needed to explore the underlying causes and long-term outcomes for both mothers and infants